flutter

sdk下载：https://storage.googleapis.com/flutter_infra_release/releases/stable/windows/flutter_windows_v3.13.0-stable.zip

flutter 版本管理

安装fvm

1. dart pub global activate fvm

2. 设置环境变量 FVM C:\Users\34377\AppData\Local\Pub\Cache\bin

3. 安装特定版本的 Flutter，例如 3.4.0：

fvm install 3.4.0

• 报错 error: RPC failed; curl 92 HTTP/2 stream 0 was not closed cleanly: CANCEL (err 8) error: 8000 bytes of body are still expected fetch-pack: unexpected disconnect while reading sideband packet fatal: early EOF fatal: fetch-pack: invalid index-pack output

• 执行

git config --global http.version HTTP/1.1
git config --global http.postBuffer 3091875328
git config http.postBuffer 1048576000

切换到指定版本：

fvm use 3.4.0

查看已安装的 Flutter 版本：

fvm list

如果你在某个项目中想使用特定版本的 Flutter，可以进入该项目并运行：

fvm use 3.4.0

最后，使用 fvm 命令来执行 Flutter 操作。例如：

fvm flutter doctor
fvm flutter run

flutter -h

以管理员身份运行

flutter doctor 检测flutter 开发环境

flutter doctor --android-licenses

flutter doctor 执行慢

变量名：PUB_HOSTED_URL
变量值：https://pub.flutter-io.cn
变量名：FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL
变量值：https://storage.flutter-io.cn

flutter config --android-studio-dir "D:\gz\soft\andstudio" flutter config --android-sdk D:\gz\soft\android_sdk flutter config --android-sdk D:\gz\code\android\sdk sdkmanager "platform-tools" "platforms;android-30" "build-tools;30.0.3"

flutter config --android-studio-dir "C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio" flutter config --android-sdk D:\gz\soft\antroid_sdk

Android Studio 4.1还未兼容Flutter stable，须手动切换到dev。

sdkmanager --sdk_root=D:\gz\soft\Android\sdk "platform-tools" "platforms;android-28" "build-tools;28.0.3"

执行

    flutter channel dev

sdkmanager --version

环境变量配准

ANDROID_SDK_ROOT="C:\Users\34377\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk"
%ANDROID_SDK_ROOT%\platform-tools\bin
%ANDROID_SDK_ROOT%\tools\bin

外部教程链接：https://wiki.ducafecat.tech/blog/translation/7-flutter-the-advanced-layout-rule-even-beginners-must-know.html

启动flutter项目

main.dart文件 右键运行和调试

• flutter pub get
• flutter pub upgrade --major-versions 这将更新你的项目中所有包到其兼容的最新版本，并解决依赖冲突。

基本结构

MaterialApp 是一个方便的 Widget，它封装了应用程序实现 Material Design 所需要的

一些 Widget。一般作为顶层widget 使用。

常用的属性：

1. home（主页）

2. title（标题）

3. color（颜色）

4. theme（主题）

5. routes（路由）

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({super.key});
 
  // This widget is the root of your application.
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        primarySwatch: Colors.red,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

语法

• _ 设置为私有变量
• obj.add()..delete()..update() 链式调用
• dart 调用库 import 'package:startup_namer/pages/home_page.dart';
• dart 调用库 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
• 获取环境变量

const boolkReleaseMode = bool.fromEnvironment('dart.vm.product', defaultValue: true);

• 网络图片

Image.network(
  "<https://jf-temp-1301446188.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/logo2>",
  alignment: Alignment.topCenter,
  repeat: ImageRepeat.noRepeat,
  // color: Colors.red,
  fit: BoxFit.cover,
  // colorBlendMode: BlendMode.colorDodge,
)

• 动态列表

List list=List.generator(idx=>"item$idx")
ListView.builder(itemCount:list.length,itemBuilder:(context,idx)=>Text(list[idx]))

• 设置内边距

padding: const EdgeInsets.fromLTRB(20, 20, 20, 10);

• 弹性布局

Flex(
  direction: Axis.vertical,
  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
  children: const [],
);

• 流式布局

List<Widget> btns =
          // TextButton(onPressed: () => print('a'), child: const Text('你好'));
          List.generate(
              10,
              (index) => ElevatedButton(
                  style: ElevatedButton.styleFrom(
                    foregroundColor: Colors.white,
                    backgroundColor: Colors.green, // 按钮文字颜色
                    // padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(
                    //     vertical: 20.0, horizontal: 40.0), // 内边距
                  ),
                  // themeData: ThemeData.dark(),
                  onPressed: () => print('a$index'),
                  child: Text(
                    '你好$index',
                    selectionColor: Colors.amber,
                  )));
      // RaisedButton btn = ElevatedButton(
      return SizedBox(
          width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,
          height: 200,
          child: Wrap(
            direction: Axis.vertical,
            runSpacing: 10,
            spacing: 10,
            crossAxisAlignment: WrapCrossAlignment.center,
            alignment: WrapAlignment.center,
            // runSpacing: 10,
            // spacing: 10,
            children: btns,
          ));

• 路由跳转到组件

Navigator.of(context).push(MaterialPageRoute(
                            builder: (context) => SearchPage()))

• 全局路由地址 配置 & 跳转路径

Map<String, dynamic> params = {
                      "id": index + 1,
                      'name': 'John Doe',
                      'age': 30,
                      'email': 'johndoe@example.com'
                    };

                    Navigator.pushNamed(context, '/routePage',
                        arguments: params); // 跳转路由并传递参数
                        
class RoutePage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    Map<String, dynamic> params =
        ModalRoute.of(context)!.settings.arguments as Map<String, dynamic>;

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('无状态组件2')),
      body: Text('RoutePage1${params["name"]} id = ${params["id"]}'),
    );
  }
}

• 创建有状态组件 重写 createState方法 返回对应的 State(Widget) 对象

class RoutePage extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _RoutePageState createState() => _RoutePageState(); // 返回对应的 State 对象
}

class _RoutePageState extends State<RoutePage> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('RoutePage1')),
      body: const Text('RoutePage1'),
    );
  }
}

• 创建无状态组件 重写build方法 返回对应的 Widget 对象

class RoutePage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('RoutePage1')),
      body: const Text('RoutePage1'),
    );
  }
}

• form 表单

class MyForm extends State<MyListView> {
  final GlobalKey<FormState> _formKey = GlobalKey<FormState>();
  String _name = '';
  String _email = '';

  final TextEditingController _nameController = TextEditingController();
  final TextEditingController _emailController = TextEditingController();

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Form(
      key: _formKey,
      child: Column(children: [
        TextFormField(
          decoration: const InputDecoration(hintText: '请输入姓名'),
          validator: (value) {
            if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
              return '请输入姓名';
            }
            return null;
          },
          // controller: _nameController,
          onChanged: (value) {
            // _name = value;
            setState(() {
              _name = value;
            });
          },
        ),
        TextFormField(
          decoration: const InputDecoration(hintText: '请输入密码'),
          validator: (value) {
            if (value == null || value.isEmpty) {
              return '请输入密码';
            }
            return null;
          },
          // controller: _emailController,
          onChanged: (value) {
            // _name = value;
            setState(() {
              _email = value;
            });
          },
        ),
        const SizedBox(height: 16),

        // 提交按钮
        ElevatedButton(
          onPressed: () {
            if (_formKey.currentState!.validate()) {
              // 如果验证通过，打印结果
              print('姓名: $_name');
              print('邮箱: $_email');
              // 提交逻辑或其他操作
            } else {
              // 如果验证不通过，显示错误信息
              print('表单验证失败');
            }
          },
          child: const Text('提交'),
        ),
      ]),
    );
  }
}

• 状态管理

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:provider/provider.dart';



class Counter with ChangeNotifier {
  int _count = 0;

  int get count => _count;

  void increment() {
    _count++;
    notifyListeners(); // 当状态改变时通知所有监听者
  }

  void decrement() {
    _count--;
    notifyListeners();
  }
}

// 注入
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return ChangeNotifierProvider(
        create: (context) => Counter(),
        child: MaterialApp(
          routes: {
            '/routePage': (context) => RoutePage(),
          },
          home: AppPage(),
        ));
  }
}

// 接收

return Center(child: Consumer<Counter>(// 使用Consumer来监听Counter的变化
          builder: (context, counter, child) {
        return Row(
          children: [
            Column(
              children: [Text('as${counter.count}')],
            ),
            Column(
              children: [
                TextButton(
                  child: Text('点击${counter.count}'),
                  onPressed: () {
                    counter.increment();
                  },
                )
              ],
            )
          ],
        );
      }));

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import 'package:flutter_localizations/flutter_localizations.dart';
import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
import 'package:provider/single_child_widget.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/common/constant.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/common/router.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/common/utils.dart';


import 'package:wanandroid/common/values/colors.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/common/values/strings.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/common/values/styles.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/pages/home/home_page.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/pages/login/login_page.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/pages/splash/splash_page.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/app.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/user.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/theme.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/locale.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/system.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/http.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/sp.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/setting.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/collect.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/search.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/article.dart';
import 'package:wanandroid/provider/tree.dart'; 


import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_localizations/flutter_localizations.dart';
import 'package:flutter_screenutil/flutter_screenutil.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';

import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';

import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';

import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';

import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';

import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/taurus_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_footer.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_header.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/phoenix_theme.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/easy_refresh.dart';
import 'package:flutter_easyrefresh/material_footer.dart';